Surgical Robots
During the past 20 years, surgical technology has advanced significantly. One of the most remarkable innovations is the rise of robotic-assisted surgery, which is now being adopted by hospitals around the world—including in Indonesia. Surgical robots are more than just machines; they represent the future of healthcare—high precision, minimal incisions, and faster recovery.
What Is Robotic Surgery?
Robotic surgery is a modern surgical method that utilizes robotic arms controlled by a surgeon through a computer console. These systems are not autonomous—the surgeon remains in full control, but the robot enhances precision and flexibility during complex procedures.
The da Vinci Surgical System is one of the most popular systems; it consists of a high-definition 3D camera, robotic arms, and a surgeon’s workstation. The camera offers a magnified three-dimensional image of the patient’s internal anatomy, and the surgeons control the robotic instruments from the console.
Advantages Over Traditional Surgery
Both patients and physicians can profit greatly from robotic-assisted surgery as compared to conventional surgical techniques. Here’s a side-by-side comparison:
| Aspect | Traditional Surgery | Robotic Surgery |
| Incision size | Large, often leaves visible scars | Small, minimally invasive |
| Pain level | Higher post-operative pain | Lower pain and quicker recovery |
| Movement precision | Limited, prone to hand tremors | Extremely precise, tremor-free |
| Visualization | 2D, sometimes limited | 3D-HD, highly magnified tissue detail |
| Recovery time | Longer hospital stays | Faster recovery, shorter stays |
| Surgeon ergonomics | Standing for long periods | Seated ergonomically at a console |
How Does It Work?
The robotic surgical system is equipped with flexible mechanical arms that mimic human hand movements, but with greater freedom of motion. The tiny instruments at the end of each arm can rotate and maneuver in tight spaces that are difficult for human hands to reach.
Meanwhile, the miniature camera inside the patient’s body provides a high-resolution, 3D view, allowing the surgeon to clearly see fine tissues and blood vessels.
Remote Surgery? No Longer Just a Dream
Robotic technology is also paving the way for telesurgery—remote surgical procedures performed over high-speed internet networks like 5G. Imagine a specialist in Jakarta performing surgery on a patient in Papua without needing to travel. This is a huge leap forward in providing expert medical care to remote regions.
One successful test in Indonesia involved BRIN’s medical team conducting a telesurgery procedure using a stable low-latency connection. This marks a promising step toward an inclusive healthcare future.
Challenges and the Future of Surgical Robots
Despite its promise, robotic surgery still faces challenges, including high investment costs, the need for specialized training, and reliable digital infrastructure. However, as technology evolves, costs are expected to decrease and adoption to increase.
In the near future, artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to be integrated into surgical robots—analyzing real-time data, detecting abnormalities, and even offering procedural recommendations. The medical world is entering an era of true human-machine collaboration.
Conclusion
Surgical robots are not just a technological luxury—they’re becoming a necessity in modern medicine. With greater precision, lower risks, and quicker recovery, robotic-assisted surgery is shaping up to be a safer, more effective choice. As this technology becomes more accessible and digital infrastructure improves, we can look forward to a future where everyone—regardless of location—can benefit from world-class surgical care, delivered by a human hand through the precision of a robot.
